Every October, millions across the United States take time to reflect on Indigenous Peoples’ Day, a holiday that honors the history, resilience, and cultures of Native American communities. More than just a day off, it’s a moment to recognize the rich contributions of Indigenous peoples and to learn the true story behind America’s history.
If you’ve ever wondered how to celebrate, honor, or meaningfully participate in Indigenous Peoples’ Day, this article will guide you through everything you need to know.
1. What Is Indigenous Peoples’ Day?
Indigenous Peoples’ Day is a U.S. holiday that celebrates and honors Native American peoples, cultures, and traditions, while acknowledging the harm and displacement caused during colonization.
It is often observed on the second Monday in October, the same day as Columbus Day, to provide a more accurate and inclusive representation of history.
The day focuses on celebrating Indigenous resilience, identity, and cultural heritage, shifting the narrative from one of discovery to one of survival and contribution.
2. History and Origins
The idea of Indigenous Peoples’ Day first gained national attention in 1977, during a United Nations-sponsored conference on discrimination against Indigenous populations in the Americas.
The first official celebration took place in Berkeley, California, in 1992, marking the 500th anniversary of Columbus’s arrival in the Americas.
Since then, dozens of U.S. states, cities, and institutions have adopted the holiday, replacing or complementing Columbus Day.
In 2021, President Joe Biden became the first U.S. president to issue a formal proclamation recognizing Indigenous Peoples’ Day, a major milestone for Indigenous visibility in national discourse.
3. Why Indigenous Peoples’ Day Matters
Indigenous Peoples’ Day is not just about history—it’s about truth, respect, and recognition.
Here’s why it’s so important:
- Correcting Historical Narratives: It challenges the myth of “discovery” and highlights the civilizations that existed long before European arrival.
- Cultural Preservation: It supports the protection and revitalization of Indigenous languages, traditions, and land stewardship practices.
- Acknowledging Injustice: The day brings awareness to centuries of oppression, displacement, and cultural erasure.
- Celebrating Contributions: Indigenous peoples have shaped art, science, agriculture, governance, and environmental protection throughout history.
4. How to Celebrate Indigenous Peoples’ Day Respectfully
There are many meaningful ways to honor the day, whether you’re an individual, educator, or community leader.
a. Learn About Indigenous History
Read books or watch documentaries about Native American history. Focus on tribal nations in your local area, as each has unique traditions and stories.
b. Attend Local or Virtual Events
Many cities host powwows, storytelling circles, art exhibitions, and cultural workshops. Participating shows solidarity and supports Indigenous communities.
c. Support Indigenous Artists and Businesses
Buy art, jewelry, crafts, or food from Native-owned shops. This helps preserve traditional craftsmanship and sustains local economies.
d. Amplify Indigenous Voices
Follow Indigenous activists, scholars, and creators on social media. Share their messages to promote awareness and understanding.
e. Visit a Tribal Museum or Cultural Center
These institutions offer valuable insight into Indigenous heritage and modern issues facing Native communities.
5. The Role of Education on Indigenous Peoples’ Day
Education is at the heart of Indigenous Peoples’ Day. Schools and educators can use this day to teach accurate history, foster empathy, and inspire respect for cultural diversity.
Teachers can:
- Include Indigenous authors and perspectives in lesson plans.
- Discuss land acknowledgment and its meaning.
- Invite Indigenous guest speakers to share experiences.
- Highlight local tribal history and its relevance to today’s geography and culture.
By transforming classrooms into spaces of truthful storytelling, future generations can learn to appreciate and protect Indigenous heritage.
6. Indigenous Peoples’ Day vs. Columbus Day
The movement to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples’ Day reflects a broader effort to promote historical accuracy and inclusivity.
While Columbus Day celebrates European exploration, it overlooks the devastation brought to Native populations—including disease, slavery, and forced displacement.
Indigenous Peoples’ Day reframes the narrative by acknowledging those who lived here first and the resilience of their descendants.
7. How the Federal and State Governments Recognize It
As of 2025, over 20 U.S. states and more than 130 cities officially celebrate Indigenous Peoples’ Day.
Some—like New Mexico, Maine, Alaska, and Vermont—have fully replaced Columbus Day with the new observance.
The White House proclamation recognizes the day as an opportunity for all Americans to:
“Honor the sovereignty, resilience, and immense contribution of Indigenous peoples who continue to shape our nation.”
8. How to Say a Land Acknowledgment
One powerful way to honor the day is through a land acknowledgment—recognizing the Indigenous peoples who originally inhabited the land where you live or work.
Example:
“We acknowledge that we are on the ancestral lands of the [Tribal Nation Name], who have cared for this land for countless generations.”
However, a land acknowledgment should be more than words—it should inspire action, partnership, and respect.
9. Modern Indigenous Issues to Understand
Indigenous Peoples’ Day is also a time to raise awareness of ongoing challenges facing Native communities, such as:
- Land and water rights
- Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women (MMIW) crisis
- Environmental justice and pipeline protests
- Healthcare and education disparities
- Cultural and language preservation
Learning about these issues helps transform awareness into advocacy and change.
10. Quotes to Reflect On Indigenous Peoples’ Day
“We are still here. Our languages are still spoken. Our songs are still sung.” — Winona LaDuke
“Indigenous Peoples’ Day is about acknowledging survival and celebrating identity.” — Deb Haaland, U.S. Secretary of the Interior
These powerful words remind us that Indigenous heritage is not a relic of the past but a vibrant part of today’s America.
11. How to Teach Kids About Indigenous Peoples’ Day
Children can learn the value of respect and empathy through this holiday.
Parents and teachers can:
- Read children’s books by Indigenous authors (like Fry Bread by Kevin Noble Maillard).
- Create art inspired by Indigenous symbols.
- Discuss kindness, community, and nature in storytelling.
The goal is to make learning both respectful and engaging, helping kids appreciate the diversity of America’s roots.
12. How to Participate Year-Round
Honoring Indigenous heritage shouldn’t end after the holiday. You can:
- Support tribal nonprofits and environmental initiatives.
- Visit Native cultural landmarks and historical sites.
- Advocate for policy change supporting Indigenous rights.
- Celebrate Native American Heritage Month in November.
Commit to being an ally, not just on one day, but every day.
13. Conclusion: Honoring the Past, Celebrating the Present
Indigenous Peoples’ Day is more than a date on the calendar—it’s a national movement toward truth, respect, and healing.
By recognizing the voices, struggles, and triumphs of Indigenous peoples, we help build a future rooted in justice and cultural understanding.
Whether you’re attending a community event, supporting Native artists, or simply learning about your local tribal nations, every action matters.
This October, and every day after, let’s choose to honor Indigenous peoples not with words alone—but with awareness, respect, and action.
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